The Four Keys to ID
- Size & Shape
A small, slim songbird with a rather long tail, short wings, and small, stubby bill.
Relative Size
Slightly larger than a Wilson's Warbler, slightly smaller than a Yellow-rumped Warbler.
sparrow-sized or smaller
Measurements
- Both Sexes
- Length: 5.5 in (14 cm)
- Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-11 g)
- Wingspan: 8.3 in (21 cm)
© Jason Leifester / Macaulay Library
- Color Pattern
Adult males are neat gray birds with a brilliant red face and a black crown and ear patch. Females have the same pattern but less vivid red. The gray upperparts feature a white nape, thin white wingbar, and white rump; the underparts are white. Immatures have pinkish faces.
© Thomas Ford-Hutchinson / Macaulay Library - Behavior
Flits quickly along branches, often flicking the tail, investigating foliage and branches for small insects. Sometimes hovers briefly to seize insects at branch tips, and sometimes catches them in midair.
- Habitat
Nests at higher elevations (6,500 feet and above) in pine-oak-fir forests, as well as in stands of Douglas-fir, quaking aspen, Engelmann spruce, and canyon maple. Migrants are occasionally found below 6,000 feet, often along streams.
© Jason Hoeksema / Macaulay Library